In the West Bank, women face persistent violence with limited protection from the authorities. Domestic abuse and femicide cases are regularly reported, yet there is still no comprehensive law specifically criminalizing domestic violence. Survivors often encounter police inaction, pressure to “reconcile” with abusers, or social retaliation for reporting violence. High-profile killings of women by relatives have triggered public protests, but prosecutions remain inconsistent and accountability is rare. Even when abuse is severe or fatal, perpetrators are sometimes treated leniently, reinforcing a climate of impunity.

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In Gaza, women face similar violence but under even tighter social and institutional control. Hamas authorities have taken direct steps to restrict women’s autonomy, including measures allowing male guardians to legally block unmarried women from traveling. These controls exist alongside widespread domestic violence, with no dedicated legal framework to protect victims and few accessible shelters or support services. Women who challenge family authority or social norms risk isolation, retaliation, or physical harm, with little realistic expectation of state protection.

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